International Law

INTRODUCTION: Maritime piracy is a considerable hazard to safety at sea. To put it in the most basic terms, maritime piracy is hijacking a ship in international waters which holds an extreme impact on maritime activity, ultimately affecting economic development of the respective countries. Safe, secure, and sustainable maritime transport facilities are the need of the hour as the problem has transformed from a mere transport concern to a transverse challenge having security overtones as a ship is regarded as the sovereign territory of a nation. The prevailing legal framework fails to combat this issue effectively, which in turn poses a critical problem to governments across the world as it has a tremendous impact on shipping, tourism, and intercontinental manufacturing. Although the Un...

INTRODUCTION: Countries have been looking to nuclear energy as one of the means to provide clean power for the past few decades. Though nuclear energy has shown an alternative path from the conventional fuels, the damage caused by accidents in a nuclear power plant tends to have a lasting effect on the environment. Nuclear damage, as the name suggests, is the undesired damage caused due to nuclear accidents. The damage can either result in the destruction of infrastructure or casualties or both. Some notable examples of damage caused by nuclear accidents can be recollected from incidents like the Chernobyl accident, Three Mile Island accident and the more recent Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster. The civil liability laws for nuclear damage in some countries have serious flaws that ...

Introduction Standard of Proof is defined to be the level of certainty and the degree of evidence necessary to establish proof in proceeding. The term ‘evidence’ in both domestic as well as international law is construed as a means of establishing factual claims, however, the standard of proof required to establish such factual claims differ from forum to forum. The establishment of evidence plays a significant role in determining the outcome of the disputes. In any general situation, some “facts” are likely to be subject to a range of interpretations and plausible explanations, and this is even more probable when the abuses investigated are as serious as genocide, crimes against humanity, arbitrary killing and enforced disappearances[1]. When such facts are questioned before the Ho...